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 Pharmacologic agents for acute hemodynamic instability: Recent advances in the management of perioperative shock- A systematic review

Steven T Morozowich, Harish Ramakrishna
Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, College of Medicine; Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, USA

Correspondence Address:
Harish Ramakrishna
Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona
USA
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Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None


DOI: 10.4103/0971-9784.166464

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Year : 2015  |  Volume : 18  |  Issue : 4  |  Page : 543-554

 
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Despite the growing body of evidence evaluating the efficacy of vasoactive agents in the management of hemodynamic instability and circulatory shock, it appears no agent is superior. This is becoming increasingly accepted as current guidelines are moving away from detailed algorithms for the management of shock, and instead succinctly state that vasoactive agents should be individualized and guided by invasive hemodynamic monitoring. This extends to the perioperative period, where vasoactive agent selection and use may still be left to the discretion of the treating physician with a goal-directed approach, consisting of close hemodynamic monitoring and administration of the lowest effective dose to achieve the hemodynamic goals. Successful therapy depends on the ability to rapidly diagnose the etiology of circulatory shock and thoroughly understand its pathophysiology as well as the pharmacology of vasoactive agents. This review focuses on the physiology and resuscitation goals in perioperative shock, as well as the pharmacology and recent advances in vasoactive agent use in its management.






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  © Annals of Cardiac Anaesthesia | Published by Wolters Kluwer - Medknow
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Steven T Morozowich, Harish Ramakrishna
Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, College of Medicine; Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, USA

Correspondence Address:
Harish Ramakrishna
Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona
USA
Login to access the Email id

Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None


DOI: 10.4103/0971-9784.166464

Rights and Permissions

Despite the growing body of evidence evaluating the efficacy of vasoactive agents in the management of hemodynamic instability and circulatory shock, it appears no agent is superior. This is becoming increasingly accepted as current guidelines are moving away from detailed algorithms for the management of shock, and instead succinctly state that vasoactive agents should be individualized and guided by invasive hemodynamic monitoring. This extends to the perioperative period, where vasoactive agent selection and use may still be left to the discretion of the treating physician with a goal-directed approach, consisting of close hemodynamic monitoring and administration of the lowest effective dose to achieve the hemodynamic goals. Successful therapy depends on the ability to rapidly diagnose the etiology of circulatory shock and thoroughly understand its pathophysiology as well as the pharmacology of vasoactive agents. This review focuses on the physiology and resuscitation goals in perioperative shock, as well as the pharmacology and recent advances in vasoactive agent use in its management.






[FULL TEXT] [PDF]*


        
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  © Annals of Cardiac Anaesthesia | Published by Wolters Kluwer - Medknow
 Online since 5th January, 2008